Journal: Engineering Heritage Journal (GWK)

Traffic congestion resulting from the escalation in the number of vehicles in cities, as a result of the increase in population and building density, requires the provision of appropriate infrastructure, especially transportation and logistics systems, that meet the necessary needs of the population, to meet the current multiple challenges, through the introduction of various means of transportation. This is done according to plans that complement each other, such as using environments that encourage pedestrians and cycling and their own lanes, light rail, metro, rapid buses, in addition to public transport buses and others, through the development of high-level road projects, such as annual and main roads and others, in a way Integrated with city planning, and adopting modern technology such as smart applications in transportation, which will facilitate access and participation in developing the city, and achieving transportation integration. Therefore, the research problem is that there is no clear vision of the developments in transportation systems that have increased over time, whether public transportation systems or private transportation, which should be made possible through sustainable planning and design standards in cities. The importance of research is highlighted in trying to diagnose the obstacles of current transportation systems and their contemporary developments, and trying to evaluate them and maximize their potential by applying international standards and approved studies in this field.