This paper presents the study on the behaviour of the beam to column connection by using flush endplate connection for I-beam steel section with perforation. Moment rotation and failure pattern of flush end plate connection for perforated section were studied. The model was modelled by using LUSAS software and then analysed with nonlinear finite element analysis. Nineteen models were generated for flush end plate connection with perforated beam section consisting of variable parameters such as opening size, distance between the first opening and column face, and spacing between the openings. The moment resistance and rotational stiffness of the connection are found to be reduced by the presence of the openings. The geometric parameter of the openings affected the behaviour of the connections. It is found that the larger the opening size, the lower the strength and rigidity of the connection. Furthermore, it is found that the presence of openings causes increment in the deflection of the beam. However, some perforated sections with optimum geometric parameters for openings have higher strength to weight and rigidity to weight ratio than normal section without perforation. In this study, the most effective geometric parameter for openings are found to be size of 0.65h, distance between the first opening and column face of 800mm and spacing between openings of 1.3h (h is the depth of the beam web).

Rapid expansion in major towns in Malaysia results in the construction of new drainage system mainly open monsoon or storm drains to cater the increase in surface runoff. This research are to study the suitability of selected sites to implement InSmarts and propose at selected sites based on the optimum results. InSmarts is a floatable trapper that was being synchronized with the effective and bettercommunication tools. This product mainly consists of a fibre reinforced plastic tube that acts as floatable rubbish trapper. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) was used to get water velocity and river profile at sites. The data was acquired at three different points along the river at each sites to know the best position to implement InSmarts. These tests were done to find out the attributes of different rubbish materials and weights in the flowy medium such as river or drainage. From the test that has been done, the optimum condition to install at sites are the velocities of the river must be around 0.1 m/s to 0.6 m/s and the trapper must be set up at 45° angle to accumulate the trash at one side of the trapper.

Until now, the suitable types of odour assessment technology in Malaysia still cannot be found and at the same time, there is no odour regulation concerning the specific odour parameter stated in the Environmental Quality Act 1974. The assessment of odour pollution is still regarded as a difficult task but the development of odour pollution assessment and proper regulatory tools are urgently needed. This paper aim to compare two methods for determining odour concentration which are field inspection and atmospheric dispersion model (CALPUFF). This research goal was to compare both method estimation of odour in quantitatively and qualitatively. The comparison will highlight the strength and weakness of both methods. CALPUFF is an easy method in knowing the whole picture of the dispersion but it is still new in Malaysia, while field inspection takes into account the role of human perception but it need a lot of work to obtain the whole picture of the dispersion. Palm oil mill was chosen as the study site since palm oil mill effluent (POME) release high contribution in emitted unpleasant odour [1]. 18 possible receptors points were chosen which include residential area, institution and also public area. It was found that, both methods show that the odour concentration is higher at the receptor near the source but different in odour concentration values. Both methods have their own advantage and disadvantages and it can be conclude that, both of it provide reasonable estimation of odour nuisance but it also depends on the odour case situation such as the availability of data and the number of odour source where sometimes one of the method is the proper method to be use at that time.